In the hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma tumor microenvironment (TME)， monocytes reportedly impede natural T cell functions PD-L1/PD-1 signaling. However， it remains unclear if T cell receptor-redirected T cells (TCR T cells) are similarly inhibited. Hence， we developed a 3D intrahepatic TME microfluidic model to investigate the immunosuppressive potential of monocytes toward HBV-specific TCR T cells and the role of PD-L1/PD-1 signaling. Interestingly， in our 3D static microfluidic model， we observed that monocytes suppressed only retrovirally transduced (Tdx) TCR T cell cytotoxicity toward cancer cells PD-L1/PD-1， while mRNA electroporated (EP) TCR T cell cytotoxicity was not affected by the presence of monocytes. Importantly， when co-cultured in 2D， both Tdx and EP TCR T cell cytotoxicity toward cancer cells were not suppressed by monocytes， suggesting our 3D model as a superior tool compared to standard 2D assays for predicting TCR T cell efficacy in a preclinical setting， which can thus be used to improve current immunotherapy strategies.