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Proteins, Expression, Isolation and Analysis> | Spleen and dLN single-cell suspensions were either cultured for 6 h at 37°C in the presence of 1 μg/mL SIINFEKL (GenScript) with the addition of 5 μg/mL BFA for the last 3 h of culture for antigen-specific restimulation and intracellular cytokine staining or directly stained for flow cytometry | Get A Quote |
Hepatocytes compose up to 80% of the total liver and have been indicated as important players in the induction of immunologic tolerance in this organ. We show that hepatocytes possess the molecular machinery required for the cross-presentation of extracellular antigens. Using a derivative of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) covalently modified with a polymer containing multiple N-acetylgalactosamine residues (pGal-OVA) that enhance extracellular antigen uptake by mimicking the glycome of apoptotic debris, we show efficient hepatocyte-dependent induction of cross-tolerance of both adoptively transferred OT-I cells and endogenous OVA-specific CD8 T lymphocytes, for example inducing tolerance to OVA-expressing sk... More